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I want to tell you something more about linux international and give you some flavor of highlights of application models that can be made without photonic and red circuit technology. My name is alma lanza i’m, the ceo of ionics international and i hope to tell you more and show you nice examples in the next eight minutes. So linux international is a vertically integrated, foundry and that’s. Also what distinguishes from other pureplay foundries. We build customized solutions for oem customers based on our tool set, which originates from customized maps microfluidics and in particular, particularly also integrated photonics. We built at the forefront of technology developing new applications for customers from prototype to volume production. Our unique selling point in technology is our low loss. Silicon nitride based wave cut technology, this branded triplex and it operates from four or five nanometers to two point: three: five microns nice thing after the waveguide technology, which is inherently a passive technology um. So we can do phase shifting and tuning um at kilohertz megahertz range, but we cannot do generation of light or the ultra fast modulation. The nice thing is, what we can do is adapt the motor power faster that matches the active platform, so it matches fiber and therefore you can put functionality where it fits best. Low loss, fiber chip, coupling have low loss coupling to active platforms and really be an intermediate platform with functionality, where you put it the way that you put the functionality where it fits best, so a low loss functionality with long delay, lines or filtering or data processing.

In the silicon nitride platform and the active components in the wrist, these active components are combined now with hybrid assembly, so end fast, coupling flip chip, coupling of components and shop and in the coming slides. I want to show you some examples of our technology and what the technology can do. So i started the visible light and on the left side here, you see a module which we’ve made for one of our customers where we had to create a very well defined interference pattern. This one is used for dna sequencing and the goal there was to have a very, relatively high power light source about 300 milliwatts, very uniformly defined, creating interference patterns where you wanted a few percent accuracy over the device. The fact that these light sources or the ports had to be so close together for dirk optics that would be very difficult and integrate photonics. The nice thing is that relatively easy to combine um, because once you’re on a chip, the world is your oyster. You can vary, you can design and play around within the boundary conditions of lithography, of course, but you can have a lot of design freedom moving a bit in the wavelength range going to visible at 850. on the right side. You see our biophonic sensing platform, where, in the middle, with the red light propagation, you see an example of our biophonic championship and this developments, which we’re currently doing with our partners. Cervix and hearing diagnostics and it’s, supported by the dutch folk and delta initiative.

And what? With these biosensors, which are based on evanescent field sensing and proper service functionalization, and biochemistry on top, which makes chip selective, you can do very sensitive detection and these sensors are currently used for early cancer diagnostics, but also for coveted 19 sensing and a variety of other Applications, the nice thing of these modules is that you can see it right here. I got my mouse pointer here. You see a small spot um once you’re on chip. You can also integrate easily creating couplers, where we can flip chip, pixels and detectors on top and in that way create a fully disposable sensor where a chip footprint is really small and it becomes a cost effective, disposable sensor that has a very high sensitivity. We move a bit into the infrared range um we see, particularly for microwave photonics and a 5g 6g, but also for optical beamforming networks in satellite dishes or in antennas on top of airplanes. We see that photonics starts playing a role there in really the microwave photonics are handling of rf signals in the fundament. On the left picture, you see examples of modules where we have what we call optical beamforming network, so we transfer electrical signals from an antenna to the optical domain. Do the processing of those we delay the signals and coherently combine them again and send them to a detector, and then the output of that is again rf signal and it becomes a module which is rf in rf out.

It can be used in these kind of face ray antenna systems for these systems. What is required is a very high power, accurate light source and either some years ago we could decide to buy them or we could say you know what once we’re on chip we’re on chip anyhow already can’t. We make the laser ourselves. So what we did was we take an external cavity and we take a game medium in this case. Indium phosphate. If you combine those, you can build very low loss cavities, which are tunable wavelength, selective, and that way we can create very narrow line with lasers, with also very high power. Current ones are well over 100 milliwatts, very narrow line within the kilohertz range fully tunable over the band of that gain section in this case is a c band, but they’re also open in other way frame ranges um, a very sharp wavelength and very high sidewall suppression Ratio better than 50 db and even 60 db. You see now that these lasers also become more and more interesting for sensing applications and a hybrid combination of silicon nitride, and this case indian phosphite enables that moving back again in the inner wavelength range um to the visible um and to the also 1550. In this case, um, the narrow line with lasers and the quantum computers and the building blocks were just presented for microwave photonics and these same building blocks and the same integration technology can also be used for quantum computing and on the left side.

You see an example of a module which is currently being used by quix quicks for quantum computing and they’re, currently making 4×4 or 12×12 modules, which can be used, um fully con configurable for quantum computing and actually that’s a state of the art. Now world record, leading in creating these kind of large matrices and uh, obscuring to even larger matrix, is targeted for layer edition it’s. A fully turnkey system, which you see over here there’s my mouse pointer over here, for instance, is a full box which, with a computer, can be driven and you can select and drive the the matrix buyer by software on the right side, and i already mentioned earlier – The lasers that we work on work at 5050., but we also made them at visible light and the complete wavelength range actually from 405 to 2.35 microns is enabled with silicon knife. The moment you have a gain section that can generate the photons. You can create an external cavity to create a very narrow line with glacier. The picture you see here is a one from red which was published at phonic west last year and really showing kilohertz line with lasers in the this case, red population region 680. Nanometers of crack by heart, but that full visible range can be covered in this, which also opens up new applications in sensing and encompasses the nice thing is because you have it in the package. It’S very robust, it’s, integrated it’s fixed in a package you don’t, have to calibrate or re tune things.

These modules were even vibration, tested and the nice things you count. They passed. What was it by heart about 40g rms, which is 120 gb and that’s a nice thing of integrating chips in such a way? They’Re very small and they’re rigidly combined together, so you can build a rigid compact and robust stable devices. Some more visible light examples just to trigger some thoughts in your head. You don’t have to stay on chip, um friends. What we do on the left picture in the lower left is that we create by focus imb milling or by grading. We create out coupling mirrors where indeed, wavelength dependent, you can out couple or you can use a multiple of these. And you see that in the picture in the top right, where we created an array of these to create different shapes of interference, pattern patterns and by playing them with the face and switching the light on chip, you can really control the interference patterns that you’re making And you can therefore, without moving parts, create these interference patterns. The integration of these light sources is shown in the lower right picture and, as i mentioned earlier already, we can do flip shipping of these pixels and the hybrid combination of these components enables these kind of loop combinations staying in a visible, uh, visible range, and these Are always a nice example to show because visible light you can see that makes life much and easier and also there brings in new applications which are the non standard in the great photonics.

Everybody knows integrated photonics from the telecom, of course, but you see now in what an hour now that silicon nitride becomes more and more important and that also visible light applications like ar vr the vr glasses or the ar glasses in this picture, transitions module, which is Created by north in the in their developments and these kind of modules, the arvr modules of the future will require more and more integrated. Photonics. Also, an example which we show here is that you can create red green blue easily on a chip integrate attenuators on the chip that you can switch to different colors. But you can attenuate them that you can control, basically the color there easily without having to have all sorts of build components um, but you have to assemble it online. In this case, you integrate the different components on a chip. You got really red green blue module where the light is coming out of a single mode. Waveguide all colors are combined into that single moment. This actually was my light slide to show some highlights. It was not my intention in eight or nine minutes to teach you everything about integrated photonics, but just to plant a seed of what photonics could do for you. So in case you want to discuss with us whether the technology or the modules could be suitable for your application. Please don’t hesitate to reach out to us visit our website check our senders and email with your request, we’re open to discuss with you what we can and what we cannot do.

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